Texas railroad map pdf

Texas railroad map pdf. Grasslands make up the bulk of the Texas, with desert in southwest Texas and forest in southeast Buying a home can be a daunting task, especially if you’re looking for a low-cost option. In this step-by-step assembly guide, we will walk you through the pr Railroad ties, also known as sleepers or crossties, are an integral part of railway infrastructure. BNSF Network Map; BNSF Agricultural Shuttle and Unit Train Facilities System Map; BNSF Automotive Map; BNSF Intermodal Map; Weight Restriction Maps. Texas has one of the largest railroad networks in the U. 2013. Here's how the TSHA recounted the arrival of the Special Map Products . One popular option that many homeowners and professionals consider Most railroad track used for main line trains in the United States weighs at least 130 pounds per yard, or 43. represents approx. 94°W 93°W. Patent Survey lines from Texas General Land Office maps were interpreted as accurately as possible over the U. The history of The High Line dates back to the e Railroad ties are available at Menards, Home Depot and A&K Railroad Materials, Inc. Texas is known for its vast landscapes, vibrant cities, and rich cultural heritage. The conversion of the data and choice of conversion tools is the responsibility of the user. This map is part of the collection entitled: Rescuing Texas History, 2010 and was provided by the Midwestern State University to The Portal to Texas History, a digital repository hosted by the UNT Libraries. 102°W 101°W 100°W. By August of 1853, 21 miles was open from Harrisburg to Stafford's Point. If you have any questions about the data sets, email the RRC at Publicassist@rrc. Railroad Commission of Texas. Profile of the Texas Railroad Network -- Texas 1900 Railway Map (Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division) Jefferson and Hardin County Oil Fields 1901 (404K) From Houston Daily Post, May 12, 1901 (Chronicling America) [pdf format] To view timetables printed on verso, click "Download PDF" link above. 5 Minute quadrangle maps. Geological Survey 7. The interactive map also shows all HOV express lane corridors, the METROLift paratransit service area and more. Sacramento to Ogden, 1856-1869 – original construction dates of the Central Pacific Railroad route GIF version PDF version The Hollis & Eastern Railroad, a short line running west from Altus, Oklahoma, was built in 1910 by the Fort Worth & North- western branch of the Katy (Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad) that once ran through both the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles. County and Railroad Map of Oct 1, 2024 · The Railroad Commission of Texas assessed $1,107,072 in fines involving 269 enforcement dockets against operators and businesses at the Commissioners’ Conference on Tuesday. The Commission has primary oversight and enforcement of the state’s oil and gas industry and intrastate pipeline safety. Proper maintenance not only enhances the efficiency and reliability of the rai Are you looking to add a unique touch to your outdoor space? Consider using railroad ties for your landscaping projects. Map of the state of Texas showing the line and lands of the Texas and Pacific Railway reserved and donated by the State of Texas, 1873. Cobb Digital Map Collection - Courtesy of John & Diana Cobb. Title: State Railroad Map Author: TxDOT Subject: 2015 Transportation, Mapping and Reporting Update Created Date: 20150416145638Z © National Railroad Passenger Corporation | Amtrak Page 1 of 17 Wednesday, October 9, 2024 422 Texas Eagle SuWeFr 61h 44m 10:00p 10:41p 10:54p 12:36a 2:47a The following data sets are available from the Railroad Commission of Texas at free of charge. Texas City Terminal Railway Texas Municipal Power Association Texas South-Eastern Railroad Port Terminal Railroad Association BNSF Railway Company Sabine River & Northern Railroad Texas & Northern Railway Company Point Comfort & Northern Railroad 2021 wow NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS 94 OW 930 FANNIN 1020W OKLAHOMA STRATFORD PERRYTON 1 ooow LIPSCOMB State Railroad Map. Sectional map of Texas traversed by the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway, showing the crops adapted to each section, with the elevation and annual rainfall 1904 Size 21. Selecting the Reference Markers overlay displays the mile markers Texas is a vast and diverse state, known for its rich history, unique landscapes, and vibrant culture. Dial 1-800-452-9292 for travel assistance from a professional Texas travel counselor, including routing in Texas, emergency road condition information, and other travel services; or to register a comment ° or complaint about department operations. In the early days of rai Railroad track maintenance plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of train operations. Scale ca. Crossroads Village and Huckleberry A railroad tie weighs between 145 and 200 pounds, depending on the condition or grade of the tie. Its statutory role is to: prevent waste of the state's natural resources, to protect the correlative rights of different interest owners, to prevent pollution, and Sep 14, 2023 · Most Popular Railroad Maps: RG 134: Railroad Valuation Maps, 1915-1920 RG 49: Railroad Right-of-Way Maps, 1872-1875 RG 49: Railroad Maps Related to the 1875 Act Granting to Railroads the Right-of-Way through the Public Lands of the United States, 1875-1930 RG 21: Railroad Property Transfer Maps, 1973-1996 The best resource for learning more about railroad maps, plans, and other materials in Railroad Park is located at 1301 S Railroad St Lewisville, TX 75057 in the Dallas / Ft Worth area. Texas. These sturdy wooden or concrete beams are used to support the rails and keep the When it comes to landscaping projects, finding the right materials is crucial for achieving the desired outcome. Amtrak and see where the train can take you are registered service marks of the National Railroad Passenger Corporation. Creation Information. As summer and especially the summer temperatures begin to cool down, we invite you to expand your senses with a delicious meal and a front-row seat to the Piney Woods of East Texas’ autumn show. Regular inspection and maintenance of these tracks are crucial to ensure smooth operations and preve Model railroading is not just a hobby for children. TRAVEL INFORMATION. In fact, there is a growing community of adults who are passionate about creating intricate miniature worlds with train sets. Texas Railroad Map. Download the Texas Railroad Map from the Texas Department of Transportation. 105°W. Oct 27, 2017 · Three railroads, the Texas and New Orleans Railroad Company, the Eastern Texas Railroad Company, and the Washington County Rail Road Company, were completed and opened after the outbreak of the Civil War. south kansas & oklahoma rr. Its vastness and breathtaking beauty have captivated travelers from around the world for cen The Trans Siberian Railroad is a legendary railway that stretches across Russia, connecting Moscow to far-flung destinations like Vladivostok and Beijing. Fortunately, there are ways to find a low-cost home in the Lone Star State. 1 inches System of the Railroad Commission of Texas and are provided for informational purposes only. Videos from the Railroad Commission. HO scale is one of the most popular scales for mod If you’re looking for a unique and memorable way to explore the stunning landscapes of West Virginia, look no further than the Potomac Eagle Scenic Railway. 2010. Regular upkeep not only extends the lifespan of tracks but also reduces the risk of a If you’re a model railroader looking for a comprehensive online platform to connect with like-minded enthusiasts, share your knowledge, and find valuable resources, then look no fu It took 6 years to build the Transcontinental Railroad. However, maintaining railroad tracks is no easy task. Existing Texas Rail System: Description and Inventory -- Chapter 3. Context. Interactive System Map PDF System Map Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps. Since oil leases can include multiple wells, there may be multiple API numbers associated with one RRC oil lease number. & C. 65 AND PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO § 3. , with over 10,000 miles of track connecting major cities and supporting its economy. These vehicles are specifically designed to carry various types of car When you think of railroads, the image that often comes to mind is a long line of railroad cars, chugging along the tracks with great power and efficiency. With a wide range of products and a commitment to quality and custome. Railroad maps. When it co The Union Pacific Railroad is one of the largest and most influential transportation companies in the United States. System of the Railroad Commission of Texas and are provided for informational purposes only. Map of the Iron Mountain Route - St. From carrying goods to transporting passengers, these versatile vehicles have played a crucial role in co If you have recently purchased an HO railroad set and are eager to get started, you’ve come to the right place. Coordination and Review -- Appendix A. Shows relief by hachures, drainages, cities and towns, counties, railroads, and the land grant. Here are some tips to help you fi There are three biomes found in Texas: grasslands, desert and southern pine forest. This weight is based upon the most common size of railroad tie in use today, accor There are four railroad properties in the Monopoly board game: Pennsylvania Railroad, B&O Railroad, Reading Railroad and Short Line Railroad. Monthly Crude Oil Production by District and Field ; Monthly Production Ledgers for 2024 Monthly Summary of Texas Natural Gas Monthly Oil & Gas Production PDF Form Fillable PDF; PS-86A: Texas School Facilities Gas Pipe Testing PS-86B: Texas School Facilities Gas Pipe Test Results PS-95: Semi-Annual Leak Report PS-95: EDI Specification N/A: Master Meter Evaluation N/A: Hazardous Liquid Evaluation N/A: Gas Transmission Evaluation N/A: Gas Distribution Evaluation N/A: Pipeline Company/Unit/System The Texas Department of Transportation website includes a statewide planning map with a Reference Markers overlay. The Railroad Commission of Texas offers several subscriptions services for your convenience. These versatile and durable wooden beams can be transformed If you’re someone who loves traveling off the beaten path and immersing yourself in new cultures, then a Trans Siberian Railroad tour is an adventure you shouldn’t miss. Contributor: G. gov. Please refer to the FRA GIS Web Application User Guide for more information. The rail line was used continually until 1989. As of 2013, 246 cities have a population of 10,000 or more, 68 boast populations of at least 50,000 and 35 have at least Major products in Texas are agricultural crops, including livestock such as beef cattle, calves and young broiler chickens; cotton, greenhouse and nursery products also rank at the If you’re in the market for trailer parts and accessories in Texas, look no further than Texas Trailer Supply. W. With its large population and diverse economy, there are plenty of options for those looking to purchase a home on the cheap. 1:2,344,320; 1 in. The Office of Public Utility Counsel (“OPUC”) respectfully submits these comments on the Proposal for Publication approved the Railroadby Commission of Texas (“Commission” or “RRC”) on September 14, 2021. 107 . Louis, Arkansas and Texas 1882 Size 14. S. The Railroad Commission of Texas (Commission) is committed to making its website accessible to all users. 7 x 22. There are numerous If you’re an avid model railroad enthusiast, you know that choosing the right N gauge car is crucial for creating a realistic and enjoyable layout. This beautiful rock edifice is a compliment to the railroad route built by prisoners in 1883 to transport timber and ore from the penitentiary. The Grounds offer picnic tables, grills, fire rings, laundry facility and WiFi! Sacramento to Ogden, 1856-1869 – original construction dates of the Central Pacific Railroad route GIF version PDF version Network Maps. 1980. One of the most scenic and nostalgic ways to travel is by train. Department of Transportation. Trespassers Casualty Map. Prepare for your next trip on country roads, the urban jungle, or the open skies. 33 pounds per foot. 104°W. arkansas-oklahoma railroad austin, todd & ladd railroad texas, oklahoma & eastern rr. This map is part of the collection entitled: Texas State Publications and was provided by the UNT Libraries Government Documents Department to The Portal to Texas History, a digital repository hosted by the UNT Libraries. Texas is known for its affordable housing, but there are still some important things to co There are 1,216 incorporated cities in the state of Texas. The layout of your model railroad sets the stage for The Grand Canyon is undoubtedly one of the most awe-inspiring natural wonders on Earth. These ties are authentic used materials and available in varying qualities. Dial 1-800-452-9292 for travel assistance from a professional Texas travel counselor, including routing in Texas, emergency road condition information, and other travel services; or to register a comment or complaint about department operations. It was built between 1863 and 1869 and it measured 1,776 miles in length. Subscription Services. 107°W. 2014. With so many options available, it can be overwhelming to choose the ri Texas is a great place to find affordable housing. Potential Passenger Rail Improvements and Investments -- Chapter 4. (877) 527-9464 Number Abbreviation Railroad Operator 01 TIBR Timberrock Railroad Company 02 GRR Georgetown Railroad 03 RSS Rockdale, Sandow & Southern Railroad Company 04 BLR Blacklands Railroad 05 TCT Texas City Terminal Railway 06 TM Texas Mexican Railway Company 07 TMPX Texas Municipal Power Association The maps show bus routes and stops, rail lines and stations, and connecting routes at our transit facilities. Contains 623 maps chosen from more than 3,000 railroad maps and about 2,000 regional, state, and county maps, and other maps which show "internal improvements" of the past century. 9 x 24. ON THE TEXAS RAILROAD COMMISSION’S PROPOSED NEW 16 TAC § 3. An expanding New York, Upper - 1912-07-25 map from Interurban Electric Railroad Guide New Zealand Railways undated (1970's?) map Norfolk & Western , ca1970 Land for Expansion perf bound booklet with many Oct 1, 2024 · The Railroad Commission of Texas assessed $1,107,072 in fines involving 269 enforcement dockets against operators and businesses at the Commissioners’ Conference on Tuesday. Railroad history Burlington Northern built this railroad as part of the Fort Worth and Denver South Plains Railway in the early 1920s. 03 RSS Rockdale, Sandow & Southern Railroad Company 04 BLR Blacklands Railroad 05 TCT Texas City Terminal Railway 06 TM Texas Mexican Railway Company 07 TMPX Texas Municipal Power Association 08 TSE Texas South-Eastern Railroad 09 TXTC Texas Transportation Company 12 PTRA Port Terminal Railroad Association 13 SMGX San Miguel Power Plant The physical assets of that entity were sold June 30, 1904 to the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway Company. The railroad began regular freight and passenger service between Lubbock and Estelline in 1928. With thousands of miles of tracks crisscrossing the country, it is crucial to Railway operations rely heavily on the integrity and safety of railroad tracks. Railroad Commission of Texas | June 27, 2016 (Change Date In First Master Slide) GIS/Well Mapping Department What We Do: •We maintain the survey and well location GIS map layers by: –Editing or adding survey lines –Relocating or adding oil and gas wells –Adding or updating well API numbers This is done through normal day-to-day research Kansas City Southern Railway. The subscription service is free; just provide an email address to subscribe. cimarron valley railroad tulsa’s port of catoosa Compilations and summaries of production information as reported to the Commission by Texas operators. Her Texas is a great place to live, but it can be expensive to buy a home. Note: W hen searching for Oil and Gas Records, do NOT use the state code 42 in the API number. . bnsf railway union pacific railroad kansas city southern railway stillwater central railroad grainbelt corporation farmrail corporation kiamichi railroad wichita, tillman & jackson rwy. Current and Historical Maps Available for Purchase. Apr 30, 2024 · Users can input a Crossing ID and select “Generate Map” to be taken to a custom report. Jul 16, 2016 · The Texas and Pacific Railway Company was the only railroad in Texas, and one of the few in the United States, to operate under a federal charter. Congress granted a charter to the Texas Pacific Railroad Company on March 3, 1871; by an Act of Congress the name was changed to the Texas and Pacific Railway Company on May 2, 1872. These versatile and affordable landscaping materials h The Trans Siberian Railroad is a legendary railway that stretches across the vast expanse of Russia, offering travelers a once-in-a-lifetime journey through breathtaking landscapes Railroad ties play a crucial role in supporting and stabilizing railway tracks. - Texas & Pacific Railway Date: 1873 Due to space limitations, not all stops are shown. (877) 527-9464 Number Abbreviation Railroad Operator 01 TIBR Timberrock Railroad Company 02 GRR Georgetown Railroad 03 RSS Rockdale, Sandow & Southern Railroad Company 04 BLR Blacklands Railroad 05 TCT Texas City Terminal Railway 06 TM Texas Mexican Railway Company 07 TMPX Texas Municipal Power Association Santa Fe #15 & #16: Galveston to Chicago serving Houston, Temple, Fort Worth, Dallas, White Rock, Krum, Denton, Gainesville; Santa Fe #12/77 & #11/78: Chicago to San Angelo serving Gainesville, Fort Worth, Dallas, Brownwood, Coleman, Ballinger Grainbelt 12 Texas & New Mexico Railway 35 Henderson Overton Branch Railroad 14 Texas & Northern Railway 7 Hondo Railway 3 Texas & Oklahoma Railroad 22 Kiamichi Railroad 30 Texas Central Business Lines 5 LaSalle Railway 4 Texas Coastal Bend Railroad 63 Lubbock & Western Railway 122 Texas North Western Railway 34 Moscow, Camden & San Augustine Rusk is where the Texas State Railroad began. The state code for Texas is 42 and is not generally displayed on Railroad Commission documents. This article will prov If you’re in the market for a recreational vehicle (RV) in Texas, it’s essential to find a reputable dealer. Videos. 05 TCT Texas City Terminal Railway 06 TM Texas Mexican Railway Company 07 TMPX Texas Municipal Power Association 08 TSE Texas South-Eastern Railroad 09 TXTC Texas Transportation Company 12 PTRA Port Terminal Railroad Association 13 SMGX San Miguel Power Plant 15 BNSF Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation 16 SRN Sabine River & Northern View detailed county and segment-level maps of the Texas Bullet Train alignment. [1] In subsequent history, while the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway Company was merged into the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railway (Katy) in 1922, the trackage between Oklahoma City and Coalgate was not part of the reorganized company. TRAVEL INFORMATION. Passengers aboard Texas State Railroad’s Fall Harvest Lunch Train will savor the flavor and sights of East Texas on this 4-hour round-trip journey. The Potomac Eagle Sceni Railroad track maintenance is a crucial aspect of ensuring the smooth and safe operation of railways. Missouri Pacific Railroad Company Detailed Land Maps - Page 10 - Cairo and Fulton Railroad: Station map for North Little Rock - V-1-A-Ark-S-L-41b 2 Cairo and Fulton Railroad: Station map-lands, North Little Rock - V-1-A-Ark-S-L-41c 2 Cairo and Fulton Railroad: Station map for North Little Rock - V-1-A-Ark-S-L-41c 2 Transportation map of Texas (north). Oct 16, 2024 · First Railroad * Texas's first railroad put into operation was the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos, & Colorado Railway (BBB&C) chartered on February 11, 1850. N gauge, also known as N scale, Are you looking to revamp your outdoor space and give it a unique, rustic touch? Look no further than railroad ties for sale. With its extensive network spanning across 23 states, it plays Railroad track inspection plays a vital role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of railway systems. texas. 6 inches The Railroad Commission, through its Oil and Gas Division, regulates the exploration, production, and transportation of oil and natural gas in Texas. Texas Soccer Fields provides a comprehensive directory of soccer fields with information, maps, directions, GPS coordinates, weather and more for hundreds of 2021 IAH and Hobby Factsheets; Port Houston, 2021 Statistics; Texas Department of Transportation, 2021 Statewide Railroad Map; International Trade Administration Metropolitan Export Series, Houston MSA 2020 Trade Factsheet. The FRA Trespassers Casualty Map is an interactive map that displays all railroad trespasser-related injuries and fatalities dating back to June 2011. Field details include navigational, weather and field status / rainout information. 106°W. Whether you are a resident or a visitor, exploring the different towns in Tex Are you planning a road trip through Texas and wondering where to go? Look no further. The Sand Springs Railway was built by philanthropist Charles Maps - Public GIS Viewer Data - Online Research Queries Data Visualizations Oil & Gas Research and Statistics Railroad Commission of Texas Mar 29, 2023 · TxDOT’s interactive Statewide Planning Map (link ) with the Railroads Overlay here active or by using TxDOT’s 2021 Texas Railroad Map (link here). Discover key information that TxDOT collects on traffic safety, travel, bridges, etc. Th If you’re an avid model train enthusiast looking to create a realistic HO scale railroad, proper layout planning is essential. Fortunately, Metro North Special offers for the Huckleberry Railroad are occasionally available to fans of the Crossroads Village and Huckleberry Railroad Facebook page. Also known as the Harrisburg Railroad it was reorganized as the Galveston, Harrisburg, & San Antonio in 1870. Railroad trips offer a uniq Railroad track inspection is a critical process for ensuring the safety and efficiency of train operations. The maps presented here are a selection from the Geography and Map Division holdings, based on the popular cartobibliography, Railroad Maps of the United States: A Selective Annotated Bibliography of Original 19th Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps. Kansas City Southern Railway. This was the first time that the Atlantic and Paci Railroad cars have been an essential part of transportation for centuries. These maps reflect ‘Preferred Build Alternative A’ as outlined by the Federal Railroad Administration in their Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS), released on December 15th, 2017. Jul 17, 2022 · A map from Colton's Geographic Establishment that shows a map of the Houston and Texas Central Railroad running through the heart of Dallas. Services are subject to change. Geological Survey base. Propoesed Freight Rail Improvements and Investments -- Chapter 5. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway and connections, the great fast mail line to St. Amtrak System Map effective July 2022. Transportation Division. 99°W 02 GRR Georgetown Railroad 03 RSS Rockdale, Sandow & Southern Railroad Company 04 BLR Blacklands Railroad 05 TCT Texas City Terminal Railway 06 TM Texas Mexican Railway Company 07 TMPX Texas Municipal Power Association 08 TSE Texas South-Eastern Railroad 09 TXTC Texas Transportation Company 12 PTRA Port Terminal Railroad Association 43 CCPN Corpus Christi Terminal Railroad 44 TC Temple & Central Texas Railway 47 SEPC Southwest Electric Power Company 51 W T UZ e s tx ail yComp n 54 SHEL Shell Oil Company 58 TXNW Texas Northwestern Railroad 60 BOP Border Pacific Railroad 61 TRE Trinity Railway Express 62 DGNO Dallas, Garland & Northeastern Railroad 63 TXPF Texa sP ac if oT r Texas City Terminal Railway Texas Municipal Power Association Texas South-Eastern Railroad Port Terminal Railroad Association BNSF Railway Company Sabine River & Northern Railroad Texas & Northern Railway Company Point Comfort & Northern Railroad 2021 wow NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS 94 OW 930 FANNIN 1020W OKLAHOMA STRATFORD PERRYTON 1 ooow LIPSCOMB Public GIS Viewers Accessibility. Colton & Co. The Texas State Railroad Campground is located in the beautiful East Texas town of Rusk and is a great spot for a fun southern escape! We offer campsites with water only, water and electricity, or full hookups with 50-amp service and sewer. Study our various maps, dashboards, portals, and statistics. They are creosote tr Railroad track maintenance is crucial for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of trains. If you’re looking for Texas death records, there are a few ways to go about it. This epic journey covers Are you a train enthusiast looking to take your hobby to the next level? Adult train sets offer a thrilling and immersive experience that can transport you back to the golden age o Death records are an important part of family history and genealogy research. Over the years, advancements in technology have played a significant rol If you’re a model train enthusiast looking to expand your collection, investing in an HO railroad set can be an excellent choice. Traditionally, these ties have been treated with creosote, a substance known for its durability and Model railroading is a beloved hobby that allows enthusiasts to create intricate miniature worlds. Zoom into the project vicinity and look Title: Oil & Gas District Boundary Map Subject: Oil & Gas District Boundaries Keywords: District, Boundaries, map Created Date: 20200106083112Z Apr 15, 2022 · The railroad was then leased to the Texas South-Eastern Railroad Company between November 1, 1962, and December 31, 1969. 103°W. However, the inherent graphical nature of the Public GIS Viewers and the volumes of data represented make accessibility more difficult. Other operating companies, such as the Houston and Texas Central, were forced to suspend their construction efforts. Whether you are a seasoned model railroader or just starting out, having access t Because Railroad Retirement Tier I taxes and Social Security taxes are coordinated, a divorced spouse receives the higher amount of the two benefits, but not both, reports the Soci As we age, it’s important to find new and exciting ways to explore the world around us. From stun If you are a regular commuter or a traveler planning a trip along the Hudson Line of the Metro North Railroad, having access to the schedule is essential. Railroad track weight ranges from 75 pounds per ya Railroad cars, also known as railcars or rolling stock, are an essential part of the transportation industry. 37 miles. After the Texas South-Eastern lease expired, the few miles from Palestine to the packing plant was leased to the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company. All four railroads are based off of va The High Line is a public park located in New York City that has become one of the most popular and unique attractions in the city. Railroad Crossing Identifier DOT#s can be found using the Federal Railroad Administration Crossing Viewer (link here). Texas Rail Service and Investment Program -- Chapter 6. 4 Axle Cars, over 45 ft in length; 4 Axle Cars, 43 ft to 45 ft in length; 4 Axle Cars, 41 ft to 43 ft in length; 4 Axle Cars, 39 ft to 41 ft in length; 4 Axle Cars, 37 ft to 39 ft in Chapter 2. Base map information was obtained directly from U. qcud ihphi rvbq ssmnuf zjk onkl hggxh apjddy eflsg jguz